Biotechnology

Biotechnology is the application of developments in the techniques and instruments of research in the biological Science to industrial use. The growth of the field genetic Engineering of directed alteration of genetic materials over the 1970s. Things that have been produced in this manner include human interferon (a natural virus-fighting substance), human insulin, and human growth hormone. Biotechnology was originated in 1980 by a decision of the U.S. Supreme Court declaring that 'a live human-made microorganism is patentable matter'. This ruling resulted in the establishment of a number of commercial firms including Genentech, Biogen, New England BioLabs, Cetus and Genex. These firms manufacturing quantities of gene engineered substances for a variety of mostly medical and ecological uses.